An RV electric generator is a crucial piece of equipment for many recreational vehicle owners, providing a reliable source of power when you are away from traditional hookups. Whether you are boondocking in a remote location or simply need extra power at a campsite, a generator allows you to run appliances, charge devices, and enjoy the comforts of home on the road. Understanding how these generators work and what options are available can help you make an informed decision for your travels.
Understanding RV Electric Generators
RV generators are essentially portable power plants designed to convert fuel into electricity. They are built to withstand varying conditions and provide a consistent power supply for your RV’s electrical systems. This power is vital for running air conditioners, microwaves, televisions, and other essential appliances.
Having an RV generator offers significant freedom. It allows you to stay in places without electrical hookups, known as dry camping or boondocking, for extended periods. Generators ensure your batteries remain charged and your comfort items stay operational, enhancing your overall RV experience.
Types of RV Generators
There are two primary categories of generators suitable for RV use: built-in (onboard) generators and portable generators. Each type has distinct advantages and considerations.
Built-In (Onboard) Generators
- Description: These generators are permanently installed within the RV, often integrated into a dedicated compartment. They are typically designed specifically for RV use and are common in larger motorhomes and some fifth-wheel trailers.
- Fuel Source: Onboard generators usually run on the same fuel as the RV’s engine (gasoline or diesel) or on propane, drawing directly from the RV’s main fuel tanks.
- Convenience: They are operated from inside the RV, often with a simple switch. This makes starting and stopping them very convenient.
- Noise: While generally quieter than many conventional portable generators, they can still produce noticeable noise, especially older models. Modern units often feature sound-dampening enclosures.
- Maintenance: Requires regular maintenance similar to an engine, including oil changes and filter replacements.
Portable Generators
- Description: These are standalone units that can be moved and stored separately from the RV. They come in various sizes and power outputs.
- Inverter Generators: These are a popular choice for RVs due to their efficiency and quiet operation. They produce clean, stable power, which is safer for sensitive electronics. Inverter generators adjust their engine speed to match the power demand, saving fuel and reducing noise.
- Conventional Generators: These are typically louder and less fuel-efficient than inverter models. They run at a constant speed, regardless of the power load, and may not produce power as stable as inverter models, which can be an issue for delicate electronics.
- Fuel Source: Portable generators commonly run on gasoline or propane. Some dual-fuel models can switch between gasoline and propane.
- Flexibility: They can be positioned away from the RV to reduce noise and exhaust fumes. They can also be used for other purposes, such as home backup power.
Key Features to Consider
When selecting an RV generator, several features will influence its suitability for your specific needs.
Wattage Output
Wattage is the most critical factor. Generators have two ratings: starting watts (peak power needed to start motor-driven appliances like an AC) and running watts (continuous power required). You need to calculate the total running watts of all appliances you plan to use simultaneously, plus the highest starting watts of any single appliance.
- Small RVs (Pop-ups, Teardrops): 1,000-2,000 watts for basic lights, charging, small appliances.
- Medium RVs (Travel Trailers, Class B/C): 2,000-4,000 watts for a single AC unit, microwave, and other essentials.
- Large RVs (Class A, Fifth-Wheels): 4,000-7,000+ watts for multiple AC units, washers/dryers, and heavy power users.
Fuel Type
The type of fuel a generator uses affects convenience, cost, and availability.
- Gasoline: Widely available, but has a shorter shelf life and produces more emissions.
- Propane: Burns cleaner, has a longer shelf life, and is easier to store. However, it can be less fuel-efficient than gasoline.
- Diesel: Most common in larger Class A motorhomes. Diesel is more fuel-efficient and has a longer engine life, but diesel generators are typically heavier and more expensive.
- Dual-Fuel: Offers the flexibility to switch between gasoline and propane.
Noise Level
Generator noise is measured in decibels (dB). Quieter generators (50-60 dB) are generally preferred, especially in campgrounds or residential areas. Inverter generators are typically much quieter than conventional models.
Weight and Portability
For portable generators, consider how easy it is to move and store the unit. Lighter models with wheels or handles are more convenient. Onboard generators do not have portability as a factor.
Start Type
Most generators offer either a manual recoil start (pull cord) or an electric start (push-button). Electric start is more convenient, especially for larger units.
Choosing the Right Generator for Your RV
Making the right choice involves balancing your power needs, budget, and travel style.
Assess Your Power Requirements
List all the appliances you anticipate running simultaneously. Check their wattage ratings, usually found on a label or in the owner’s manual. Add up the running watts for all concurrent items, then identify the highest starting wattage among your motor-driven appliances. Your generator’s starting watts should exceed this highest value, and its running watts should meet your total continuous needs.
Consider Your RV Type and Size
Smaller RVs might benefit more from a compact portable inverter generator. Larger RVs, especially motorhomes, are often better suited for a built-in generator due to higher power demands and dedicated installation space.
Think About Your Usage Habits
If you frequently dry camp or boondock for extended periods, a fuel-efficient and quiet inverter generator or a robust onboard unit is ideal. For occasional use or emergencies, a less expensive conventional portable generator might suffice.
Set a Budget
Generator prices vary significantly based on wattage, features, and brand. Determine what you are willing to spend, keeping in mind that a higher initial investment in a quality unit often pays off in reliability and longevity.
Safety Tips for Operating RV Generators
Safe operation is paramount to prevent accidents and ensure the longevity of your generator.
- Ventilation: Always operate generators in a well-ventilated area, far from windows, doors, and vents to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) buildup. Never use a generator inside an RV, tent, or enclosed space.
- Carbon Monoxide Detectors: Install and regularly test CO detectors in your RV. CO is an odorless, colorless gas that can be deadly.
- Fuel Handling: Store fuel in approved containers away from living areas and direct sunlight. Refuel a generator only when it is turned off and cool.
- Grounding: Ensure your generator is properly grounded according to the manufacturer’s instructions to prevent electrical shock.
- Exhaust Direction: Position the generator so exhaust fumes are directed away from people and your RV.
Maintenance Tips for Longevity
Regular maintenance ensures your generator runs efficiently and reliably for years.
- Read the Manual: Always follow the manufacturer’s specific maintenance schedule and instructions.
- Oil Changes: Change the oil regularly as recommended, typically after the first 20-50 hours of use and then every 100-200 hours.
- Air Filter: Inspect and clean or replace the air filter periodically. A clogged filter reduces efficiency.
- Spark Plug: Check and replace the spark plug as needed to ensure easy starting and efficient combustion.
- Fuel System: Use a fuel stabilizer if you store the generator for extended periods to prevent fuel degradation. Run the generator every month or two for 30 minutes under a load to keep components lubricated and fuel circulating.
- Cleanliness: Keep the generator clean and free of debris to prevent overheating.
Conclusion
An RV electric generator is an invaluable tool for enhancing your travel freedom and comfort. By understanding the different types, considering key features like wattage and fuel, and adhering to safety and maintenance guidelines, you can select and operate the best generator for your adventures. With the right generator, you can enjoy all the conveniences of home, no matter where your journey takes you. For more helpful tips on RV living and outdoor essentials, explore other articles on SearchAndHelp.com.