A hiking pack is one of the most important pieces of equipment for any outdoor enthusiast. Whether you are planning a two-hour stroll through a local park or a multi-day trek in the wilderness, your pack serves as your mobile basecamp. It carries your water, food, shelter, and safety gear, making it vital to choose a model that fits your body and your specific activity.
Selecting the right hiking pack involves understanding capacity, frame types, and proper fit. A well-chosen pack distributes weight efficiently across your hips rather than your shoulders, preventing fatigue and injury. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know to make an informed decision for your next hike.
Understanding Hiking Pack Capacity
The first step in choosing a pack is determining how much gear you need to carry. Pack volume is measured in liters (L). The duration of your trip and the season in which you are hiking will dictate the size you need.
Daypacks (15 to 30 Liters)
Daypacks are designed for trips that last a single day. They are lightweight and typically have enough room for a hydration bladder, a light jacket, snacks, and a small first-aid kit. These are ideal for short excursions where you do not need to carry bulky camping gear.
Overnight Packs (30 to 50 Liters)
If you are planning a single night in the woods, a pack in the 30 to 50-liter range is usually sufficient. This size allows you to pack a lightweight tent, a sleeping bag, and a small stove. It requires a bit of discipline in packing, as space is still somewhat limited.
Multiday Packs (50 to 80 Liters)
This is the most popular category for traditional backpacking trips lasting three to five days. These packs provide enough room for extra clothing, several days of food, and more robust camping equipment. They feature advanced suspension systems to help manage the increased weight.
Expedition Packs (80 Liters and Up)
Expedition packs are reserved for long-duration trips, winter hiking where bulky gear is required, or parents carrying gear for small children. These packs are heavy even when empty and are designed to carry loads exceeding 50 pounds comfortably.
Frame Types and Support Systems
The frame of a hiking pack determines how the weight is supported and transferred to your body. There are three primary types of frames to consider.
- Internal Frame Packs: These are the most common packs found today. The frame is hidden inside the back panel, providing a sleek profile. They are designed to keep the load close to your center of gravity, which is excellent for maintaining balance on uneven terrain.
- External Frame Packs: These feature a visible metal structure on the outside. While less common now, they are excellent for carrying heavy, irregular loads (like large water jugs or hunting gear) and offer superior ventilation because the pack sits away from your back.
- Frameless Packs: Used primarily by ultralight hikers, these packs have no rigid structure. They are extremely light but require very careful packing to ensure comfort. They are generally not recommended for beginners or heavy loads.
How to Find the Perfect Fit
The most expensive pack in the world will be uncomfortable if it does not fit your torso. It is a common mistake to choose a pack based on your height; instead, you must choose based on your torso length.
Measuring Your Torso
To find your torso length, have a friend measure from the bony bump at the base of your neck (the C7 vertebra) down to the top of your hip bones (the iliac crest). Most packs come in small, medium, and large sizes based on these inch measurements. Many modern packs also feature adjustable torso lengths, allowing you to slide the shoulder harness up or down for a custom fit.
The Importance of the Hip Belt
A common misconception is that shoulder straps should carry the weight of the pack. In reality, about 80% of the weight should rest on your hips. When trying on a pack, ensure the hip belt sits comfortably over your hip bones. If the belt is too high or too low, the weight will pull on your shoulders, leading to back pain.
Adjusting the Straps
Once the hip belt is secure, tighten the shoulder straps so they wrap snugly around your shoulders without a gap. Finally, adjust the load lifters. These are the small straps located at the top of the shoulder pads. Pulling them forward brings the top of the pack closer to your back, preventing the bag from swaying or pulling backward.
Essential Features to Look For
Beyond size and fit, several features can improve your hiking experience. Consider which of these are most important for your specific needs.
- Hydration Compatibility: Most modern packs include an internal sleeve for a hydration bladder and a port for the drinking tube. This allows you to drink water without stopping to reach for a bottle.
- Rain Covers: While many packs are made of water-resistant material, they are rarely waterproof. Look for a pack that includes a built-in rain cover stored in a bottom pocket.
- Pockets and Access: Consider how you like to organize gear. Some packs offer “panel loading” (the front zips open like a suitcase), while others are “top loading.” Hip belt pockets are highly useful for storing items you need quickly, like sunscreen or a phone.
- Ventilation: Some packs feature a suspended mesh back panel. This creates a gap between your back and the pack, allowing air to flow and reducing sweat.
Tips for Packing Your Gear
How you place items inside your pack significantly affects how it feels on the trail. Proper weight distribution ensures the pack remains stable and does not strain your muscles.
- Bottom Zone: Place light, bulky items here, such as your sleeping bag and extra clothing. This provides a base for the rest of your gear.
- Middle Zone (Close to Back): Place your heaviest items here, such as food, water, and your tent body. Keeping heavy items close to your spine keeps the center of gravity stable.
- Middle Zone (Outer): Place mid-weight items like your stove or camp tools away from your back.
- Top Zone: Keep essentials here that you might need during the day, such as a rain jacket, first-aid kit, or snacks.
Care and Maintenance
A high-quality hiking pack is an investment that can last for a decade or more if properly maintained. Never put your pack in a washing machine or dryer, as this can damage the technical coatings and foam padding.
To clean your pack, use a mild soap, lukewarm water, and a soft brush to scrub away dirt and salt from sweat. Always air-dry the pack in the shade, as direct UV rays from the sun can degrade the fabric over time. Store your pack in a cool, dry place and ensure it is completely dry before putting it away to prevent mold and mildew growth.
Choosing the right hiking pack involves balancing your storage needs with your body type. By focusing on torso length, hip support, and weight distribution, you can ensure a comfortable experience regardless of the distance you travel. For more help preparing for your next outdoor trip, explore our articles on essential hiking gear and how to prepare for a day hike.