Arequipa, often referred to as the “White City,” is a destination that captures the heart of every traveler who visits. Nestled at the foot of three towering volcanoes—Misti, Chachani, and Pichu Pichu—this city is famous for its architecture built from sillar, a white volcanic stone that glows under the Andean sun. Finding the best things to do in Arequipa involves a perfect blend of exploring colonial history, indulging in a unique regional gastronomy, and venturing into the rugged landscapes of the surrounding highlands. Whether you are looking for a relaxing stroll through historic plazas or a challenging trek through one of the world’s deepest canyons, this city offers a diverse array of experiences for every type of adventurer.
Explore the Historic Plaza de Armas
The heart of the city is undoubtedly the Plaza de Armas, widely considered one of the most beautiful main squares in South America. Surrounded by grand arches and the magnificent Basilica Cathedral of Arequipa, the plaza is the perfect place to begin your journey. The cathedral itself is unique in Peru, as it stretches across the entire length of the plaza and features an impressive interior with a massive Belgian organ and a carved wooden pulpit from France.
Spending time in the plaza allows you to soak in the local atmosphere. You can sit by the central fountain, watch the pigeons, and admire the intricate sillar carvings that decorate the surrounding colonial buildings. Many of the best things to do in Arequipa start here, as the square is a central hub for walking tours and a great spot to find local guides who can explain the deep history of the city’s foundation in 1540.
Step Back in Time at Santa Catalina Monastery
Perhaps the most iconic landmark in the city is the Santa Catalina Monastery. This is not just a religious site; it is a “city within a city” that spans over 20,000 square meters. Built in 1579, the monastery was once home to hundreds of nuns who lived in complete seclusion. Today, visitors can wander through its vibrant blue and terracotta-red streets, exploring the private living quarters, lush gardens, and quiet plazas that look much as they did centuries ago.
Walking through the monastery is like stepping into a different era. Each corner offers a new photographic opportunity, with sunlight hitting the bright walls and blooming flowers. To truly appreciate the history, it is highly recommended to hire a guide at the entrance who can share stories of the wealthy families who sent their daughters here and the daily lives of the women who inhabited these silent walls. It remains one of the best things to do in Arequipa for history and architecture enthusiasts alike.
Witness the Majesty of Colca Canyon
While located a few hours outside the city, visiting Colca Canyon is undeniably one of the best things to do in Arequipa. This canyon is twice as deep as the Grand Canyon in the United States and offers some of the most spectacular scenery in the Andes. Most travelers opt for a two or three-day trek, but full-day tours are also available for those on a tighter schedule.
One of the highlights of a trip to Colca Canyon is stopping at Cruz del Condor. This viewpoint is famous for the Andean Condors that soar on the morning thermals, often flying just meters above the heads of spectators. Along the way, you will pass through traditional villages like Chivay and Yanque, where you can witness local traditions, see ancient agricultural terraces still in use, and soak in natural hot springs to soothe your muscles after a long day of exploring.
Savor Arequipeña Gastronomy
Arequipa is the culinary capital of southern Peru, boasting a flavor profile that is distinct from the more famous Limeño cuisine. Exploring the local food scene is one of the best things to do in Arequipa for foodies. The city is famous for its “picanterías,” traditional lunch restaurants that serve hearty, spicy dishes prepared in wood-fired kitchens.
- Rocoto Relleno: A spicy bell-shaped pepper stuffed with minced meat, eggs, olives, and topped with melted cheese.
- Chupe de Camarones: A thick, creamy shrimp chowder that is a local favorite on Fridays.
- Adobo Arequipeño: A succulent pork stew marinated in chicha de jora (fermented corn beer), traditionally eaten for breakfast on Sundays.
- Queso Helado: Despite the name, this is not cheese; it is a delicious cinnamon-flavored frozen dairy dessert.
Visiting the San Camilo Market is another fantastic way to experience the local food culture. Designed by Gustave Eiffel, this bustling market offers everything from fresh exotic fruits and local cheeses to herbal remedies and handmade textiles. It provides an authentic glimpse into the daily lives of the residents.
Visit the Museo Santuarios Andinos
For a haunting and fascinating look into Inca history, the Museo Santuarios Andinos is a must-visit. The museum is home to “Juanita, the Ice Maiden,” the well-preserved mummy of a young girl sacrificed to the mountain gods on Mount Ampato in the 1400s. Because she was frozen shortly after her death, her clothing, skin, and even her internal organs were remarkably preserved for centuries.
The museum provides a deep dive into the ritualistic practices of the Inca Empire and the archaeological efforts required to recover the artifacts found at high altitudes. Learning about the spiritual connection the local people have with the volcanoes is essential to understanding the region’s identity, making this one of the best things to do in Arequipa for those interested in archaeology.
Enjoy the Views from Yanahuara
If you are looking for the perfect panoramic shot of the city and the Misti volcano, head to the Yanahuara district. A short walk or taxi ride from the city center leads you to the Yanahuara Viewpoint (Mirador de Yanahuara). This plaza features a series of sillar arches inscribed with famous quotes from Arequipeño poets and thinkers.
The view from here is breathtaking, especially at sunset when the white stone of the city reflects the orange hues of the sky against the backdrop of the towering volcanoes. While in the neighborhood, take the time to wander the narrow, cobblestone streets of Yanahuara, which feel more like a quiet village than a bustling city suburb. It is a peaceful escape and certainly one of the best things to do in Arequipa for a relaxing afternoon.
Conclusion
Arequipa is a city that rewards those who take the time to explore its many layers. From the spiritual quietude of its monasteries to the raw power of its surrounding canyons and volcanoes, the “White City” offers a travel experience that is both culturally rich and naturally stunning. By including these best things to do in Arequipa in your itinerary, you will gain a profound appreciation for the history, flavors, and landscapes that make this Peruvian gem so unique. Start planning your journey today and immerse yourself in the volcanic beauty of the Andes.